The Ovaries

 The Ovaries                   

Functions

 

The ovaries produce ova for procreation and the hormones estrogen and progesterone

 

Position

 

The ovaries are attached to the back of the broad ligaments within the peritoneal cavity

 

Relations

 

Anterior the ovaries and the broad ligaments

 

Posterior the ovaries and the intestines

 

Lateral the ovaries and the infundibulopelvicligaments and the side walls of the pelvis Superior the ovaries and the uterine tubes

 

Medial the ovaries lie between the uterus andthe ovarian ligament

 

Supports

 

The ovary is attached to the broad ligament but is supported from above by the ovarian ligament medially and the infundibulopelvic ligaments laterally.

 

Structure

 

The ovary is composed of a medulla and cortex covered with germinal epithelium

 

The Medulla. This is the supporting framework whichis made up of fibrous tissue; the ovarian blood vessels, lymphatics and nerve travels through it. The hilum where these vessels enter lies just where the ovary is attached to the broad ligament and this area is called the mesovarium.

 

The Cortex.This is the functioning part of the ovary. Itcontains the ovarian follicles in different stages of development, surrounded by stroma. The outer layer is formed of fibrous tissue known as the tunica albuginea . Over this lies the germinal epithelium, which is a modification of the peritoneum.

 

Blood Supply

 

The blood supply is from the ovarian arteries and drains by the ovarian veins. The right ovarian vein joins the inferior vena cava, but the left returns its blood to the left renal vein

 

Lymphatic drainage--This is to the lumbar glands Nerve supply--This is from the ovarian plexus


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Measurements of the fetal skull

Image
  Measurements of the fetal skull-   1. Diameter of the fetal skull   These are the diameter the birth canal must stretch to allow the head to pass during labour. The lagest being mento vertical 13.5cm.   1.             Sub-Occipito Bregmatic (9.5cm) 2.             Sub-Occipito Frontal (10cm) 3.             Occipito Frontal (11.5m) 4.             Mento Vertical (13.5cm) 5.             Sub Mento Vertical(11.5) 6.             Sub-mento Bregmatic (9.5cm) 7.             Biparieta (9.5cm) 8.             Bitemporal (8.2cm). 2. Circumferences   ·                Sub-ocicpito bregmatic: is measurement taken round the occipital protuberance, parietal eminences and the bregma. It is the circumference which passes through the pelvis in a well flexed head 33cm.   ·                Occipito Frontal: It is measured through posterior fontanel, parietal eminence and the orbital ridge. It is found in an erect head-military attitude 33-36 cm.   ·                Sub-occipito frontal: It is taken round the
Read more

Labour

Image
  Introduction   In the previous units of this module, we have learnt much about pregnancy and care during the prenatal period. In this unit we will learn about the remarkable events that result in delivery of the baby. We shall discuss the physiology of labour, the factors that causes the onset of labour, signs of labour and how to alleviate the woman’s sufferings in labour.   Objectives At the end of lesson the learner will be able to   ·                Describe the changes that occur in the uterine tissue during labour.   ·                Describe the stages of labour   ·                Explain the spontaneous process of labor and how this may be enhanced or inhibited.   ·                Plan and time care in order to optimize the well-being of both the mother and the baby during the course of labour.   Definitions   Labour is descried as the process by which the fetus, placenta and membranes are expelled through the birth canal after 24 weeks of gestation .   Normal labour   Is the
Read more

Cephalopelvic Disproportion - (CPD)

  Definition   This is a disparity between the fetal head and the maternal pelvis. It means that the particular head is too big for the particular pelvis through which it must pass, it may be due to:-   ·                A contracted pelvis with a normal sized head.   ·                A normal pelvis with a large baby ,or   ·                A combination of a large baby and a contracted pelvis   Cephalopelvic disproportion cannot be diagnosed before the 36 th  week of pregnancy because before then the fetal head is too small for comparison with the pelvis but at 36 th  week the fetus would have reached its maximum size.   Disproportion There are three degrees of disproportion   ·                Minor degree: Here, the head does not engage or pass through the pelvic brim but it maybe possible to push it through the brim. The head is at the same level with the anterior boarder of the symphysis pubis. With good uterine contractions the head may be able to push through the brim.   ·        
Read more